Ferro-cement tanks are promoted in water stressed rural communities as a low cost alternative to other generic types of water tanks; reinforced cement concrete (RCC) and plastic-typically high density polyethylene (HDPE) to store harvested rainwater. It is argued that beside the high cost, the low accessibility to technical knowhow and shortage of skilled labour in construction of RCC tanks and the non availability of larger capacity HDPE tanks in remote areas make ferro-cement tanks a viable low cost option. However, given the durability differences, the concerns of environmental impact each type of tanks make, together with the inflow of knowledge, improved transportation and the commercial availability of low cost plastic tanks in a wide range of capacities in recent times, scientific assessment of the viability of ferro-cement tanks for storage of rainwater is important and timely. In this study, life cycle analysis techniques are used to assess the cost, embodied energy and the environmental impact of ferro-cement tanks compared with RCC and HDPE tanks under normalized conditions

Electro-hydraulic forming is one of the unique processes of high-velocity forming. In this process, the electrical energy is converted into the mechanical energy in the form of shock waves within a liquid medium. This energy is utilized to perform redundant work, to overcome the friction, and to form the work-piece to the final shape. This process is very similar to the explosive forming and the only difference is the source of energy. In this article, electrical discharge phenomenon was analyzed and the parameters involved in electrohydraulic forming process were investigated. Then, the simulation of the process was performed using finiteelement approach. In this research, three types of sheet metals were used which are mild steel (IF210), high strength steel (DPX800) and stainless steel (1.4509). In this simulation, a dynamic explicit analysis was adopted and the effect of electrical discharge was simulated both in the form of acoustic pressure loading and acoustic inward volume acceleration loading. Three-dimensional analysis was employed using a shell model as a sheet metal. The Johnson-Cook constitutive model was used to describe the plastic behavior of the material. Then, the geometry of the formed part and the strain distributions were evaluated.Finally, the results obtained from simulation were compared with the experimental results reported by other scientists and found a good correlation between them.

The sensor network is used to observe surrounding area gathered and spread the information to other sink. The advantage of this network is used to improve life time and energy. The first sensor node or group of sensor nodes in the network runs out of energy. The aggregator node can send aggregate value to the base station. The sensor node can be used to assign initial weights for each node. This sensor node calculates weight for each node. Which sensor node weight should be lowest amount they can act as a cluster head. The joint node can send false data to the aggregator node and then these node controls to adversary. The dependability at any given instant represents an comprehensive behavior of participate to be various types of defects and misconduct. The adversary can send information to aggregator node then complexity will be occurred. These nodes are used to reduce the energy and band width.

Time-modulation (TM) arrays is implemented by using a set of radio-frequency switches in the beam forming network to modulate, by means of periodic pulse sequences to control the antenna radiation features. The on–off reconfiguration of the switches that can be easily implemented via software unavoidably generates harmonic radiations that can be suitably exploited for multiple channel communication purposes. An innovative approach to the design of time-modulated arrays able to generate multiple and simultaneous harmonic beam patterns pointing towards different directions is presented. In time modulated arrays, because of the introduction of the periodic time modulation, multiple harmonic signals are generated. The synthesis of the pulse sequence controlling the RF switches is performed by means of a Particle Swarm Optimizer (PSO) to generate multiple harmonic beams able to simultaneously receive multiple signals arriving on the antenna from different directions. Towards this aim and in order to independently receive a signal on each harmonic channel generated by the receiving time-modulated array each harmonic beam has to be optimized such to have a maximum towards the DoF of one arriving signal and deep side lobes or nulls along the directions of other signals.

One of the principal laws used in set-point calculation for consecutive rolling stands of hot metal strips, specially rolling speeds, is material flow continuity principle in these stands; the amount of material flow to all stands must be equal. Non-uniform amount of input material to the consecutive rolling stands can cause emergence of extension and /or compression stresses in metal strips between consecutive rolling stands and consequently instability of the rolling process. Several factors can cause overthrowing continuity principle in amount of input material to the rolling stands; because of complexity of the effects of these factors, determining the main cause of overthrowing continuity principle in consecutive rolling stands is very difficult. In this study, an adaptation model has been designed for unification of the amount of input material to the rolling stands. This model, in case of non-uniform amount of input material to the rolling stands, adapts the amount of rolling stands set-points in such a way that material flow continuity principle be reestablished for rolling products. This adaptation model has been used in Mobarake steel company hot rolling area and has produced very beneficial results.

In this paper an Irrigation system using wireless sensor network and Raspberry Pi. An Irrigation system was developed to optimize water use for agricultural crops. In this Irrigation system using a wireless sensor network and Embedded Linux board. The system provides a web interface to the user so that we can control and monitor the system. In this paper Raspberry Pi is used as an Embedded Linux board which is designed based on ARM 11 Micro Controller architecture

This paper is focuses the recognition of capable of logic design of crypto system, the convolution encoder which leads to faster speed and improve delay the convolutional encoder the design are basically encoders be very important for particularly low probability error used at high data rate the system is used to realized using simulation and synthesized using modelsim6.3f and cadence for RTL Design

In this paper, black smoke released during biomass combustion is eliminated by a proposed PID control system. Black smoke is a result of incomplete combustion of biomass fuel with improper pretreatment. To solve this problem, direct co-firing is used with mixed fuel combustion technology. Mixed fuel technology consists of mixed biomass and biogas. The biogas admission will be controlled by the PID controllers. Analysis is provided on the response of each controller. Simulation results for the drum pressure using the scheme are presented.

In this paper, generally a camera may capture a face, the raw biometric information is acquired and also sent to the biometric characteristic extractor. The extractor is normally software that extracts the features important for shaping identity from the raw information. This extracted feature information is called a template. The template is then sent near the matcher. The matcher links the newly-presented biometric information to earlier than submitted template information to make a decision.The future line presents a very low degree of complexity, which makes it suitable for real-time applications, using 17 general image eminence features extracted from one image to distinguish between legitimate and impostor samples. The new results, obtained on publicly available data set Labeled Face in the Wild, show that the proposed way is very competitive compared with other state-of-the-art approaches and that the analysis of the common image quality of actual biometric models tells highly valuable information that may be very resourcefully used to discriminate them from fake traits.